A descriptive research design pursues information to strategically portray an event, situation, or society. More specifically, it promotes delivering explanations to the study issue’s where, what, how, and when concerns instead of its why.
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The descriptive approach of study enables the examination of the factors of interest by employing a broad spectrum of study strategies. Although sometimes qualitative material is employed for descriptive objectives, it mainly manipulates quantitative stuff.
It is notable to emphasize that the experimenter does not restrain or change any factors or variables when adopting the descriptive research design, in distinction to empirical analysis. The variables are just labeled, examined, and assessed in their niche.
Characteristics Of Descriptive Research Design:
Descriptive research has a number of distinctive qualities, including:
1. Quantitative Study:
Descriptive research is a category of quantitative study that strives to huddle measurable information for the public sample’s arithmetical examination. It is a famous market analysis tool that facilitates you to heap and illustrate the traits of the statistical portion.
2. Unrestricted Variables:
Descriptive research design does not affect any of the natural factors. To perform the study, factual strategies are employed. Thus, the investigator does not try to control the variables’ makeup or behavior.
3. Multiform Study:
Examinations that analyze several aspects of a single faction are called multiform researches, and descriptive study generally drops into this type. This is why many students prefer to get dissertation help online when working on descriptive research design for their dissertation.
4. Foundation For Additional Study:
By wielding various study techniques, experimenters observe the knowledge accumulated and assessed through descriptive research design. Moreover, the knowledge can perform as a directory for the kinds of investigation methods that will be involved in the following survey.
Types Of Descriptive Research Design:
The various kinds of descriptive research design include the following:
1. Census:
A census is a type of survey in which data is collected from every component of a population. Since almost all units of the population are sampled, data obtained from census research is highly generalizable to the population.
2. Sample Research:
In sample research, a tiny portion of the overall population is surveyed for information. For the data to be generalized to the entire population, it is important to choose a sample of people who can accurately reflect the target population. Sample groups make it possible to conduct research quickly and affordably.
3. Cross-Sectional Study:
A cross-section of the predetermined population is surveyed using standardized methods in a process known as cross-sectional sampling. Cross-sectional surveys can be divided into two categories: those with a single variable and those with two or more variables.
4. Longitudinal Research:
In longitudinal or long-term studies, the exact factors are examined for an extended duration. This makes it possible for researchers to look at the status of variables at various times. Trend studies, panel studies, and cohort studies are the three primary categories of longitudinal research.
5. Comparison Study:
To compare the status of two or more variables, comparative surveys are utilized. Specific criteria that must be identified as criterion variables are used to compare the variables.
6. Review Study:
Typically, a review study is used to assess a program, policy, or curriculum. It entails gathering data that can be used to assess the value and efficacy of a program, policy, or institution.
7. Documentary Study:
In a documentary study, information is gathered and examined using previously collected data. Research papers, review articles, books, official documents, and other types of documentation can contain this data. In documentary studies, the researcher assesses the body of knowledge about the subject under investigation.
Importance Of Descriptive Research Design:
Before conducting a more in-depth study, descriptive research enables investigators to appropriately examine the backdrop of a study topic. The practice of a descriptive research design is important in many situations, including the following:
1. Assessing Data Trends:
The descriptive research approach can be used to track changes in variables over time, enabling the discovery and analysis of trends.
2. Comparing Variables:
Descriptive research can be used to compare various variables and the responses of various demographics to various variables.
3. Identifying The Features Of Subjects:
Additionally, it can be utilized to identify the various traits of the participants. This can include qualities, views, behaviors, and other attributes.
4. Confirming Or Validating Current Circumstances:
Given that it includes a thorough investigation of every variable before concluding, descriptive research design can be an effective method for testing the validity of an existing condition.
Benefits Of Descriptive Research Design:
Some benefits of employing a descriptive research strategy include the following:
1. Various Data Gathering Strategies:
The case study strategy, observational technique, and survey are merely a few of the numerous data compilation procedures that can be utilized in descriptive research.
2. Quick And Economical:
Data can be compiled from a fairly massive sample volume rapidly and with a low cost because surveys are often wielded in the descriptive research design.
3. Circumferential:
A better grip on the study issue is furnished through descriptive investigation, which often stirs quantitative and qualitative tools.
4. Inherent Surroundings:
Since research is conducted in the participant’s innate surroundings with no factors intended to be amended, outcomes developed employing the descriptive method of analysis often provide outstanding degrees of exterior certainty.
Demerits Of Descriptive Research Design:
Some drawbacks of employing a descriptive research design are as follows:
1. Tests Or Verification Cannot Be Done:
As the knowledge acquired does not serve to explain the cause of the phenomenon that is to be examined, you cannot utilize the descriptive technique of analysis to test or validate the study problem.
2. Insufficient Reliability:
The data gathered could not be totally reliable if you do not have properly articulated the study question. Additionally, performing a reliable investigation becomes problematic.
3. Potential For Untruthful Answers:
Participants’ answers are vital to descriptive research, particularly during surveys. People might occasionally give fraudulent answers, which would undermine the reliability of the data gathered and, ultimately, the research’s findings.
4. Sampling Error Risk:
When choosing a sample group for a descriptive research study, random sampling is frequently used. If the sample group is not representative of the overall population, the randomness could result in sampling error. Results would be unreliable and imprecise due to sampling error.
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The practice of a descriptive research design is adaptable and applicable in various circumstances. A community, occasion, or scene is hoped to be systematically and accurately illustrated via descriptive examination. A descriptive study has many methodologies to choose from according to your research problem and resources. It has innumerable applications.
